Ingaruka zishobora guterwa no gukoresha lazeri: kwangirika kwimirasire ya laser, kwangirika kwamashanyarazi, kwangiza imashini, kwangiza gaze ivumbi.

1.1 Ibisobanuro by'icyiciro cya Laser
Icyiciro cya 1: Umutekano mu gikoresho. Mubisanzwe ibi biterwa nuko urumuri rufunze rwose, nko mumashusho ya CD.

Icyiciro 1M (Icyiciro 1M): Umutekano mubikoresho. Ariko hari akaga iyo kwibanda ku kirahure kinini cyangwa microscope.

Icyiciro cya 2 (Icyiciro cya 2): Ni umutekano mugihe gikoreshwa bisanzwe. Umucyo ugaragara ufite uburebure bwa 400-700nm hamwe na refleks y'amaso (igihe cyo gusubiza 0.25S) irashobora kwirinda gukomeretsa. Ibikoresho nkibi mubisanzwe bifite imbaraga zitarenze 1mW, nka laser pointers.

Icyiciro cya 2M: Umutekano mu gikoresho. Ariko hari akaga iyo kwibanda ku kirahure kinini cyangwa microscope.

Icyiciro cya 3R (Icyiciro cya 3R): Ubusanzwe imbaraga zigera kuri 5mW, kandi harikibazo gito cyo kwangirika kwamaso mugihe cyo guhumeka. Kurebera kumurongo nk'amasegonda menshi birashobora kwangiza ako kanya retina.

Icyiciro cya 3B: Guhura nimirasire ya laser birashobora guhita byangiza amaso.

Icyiciro cya 4: Lazeri irashobora gutwika uruhu, kandi rimwe na rimwe, ndetse urumuri rwa lazeri rutatanye rushobora kwangiza amaso nuruhu. Tera umuriro cyangwa guturika. Inganda nyinshi zinganda nubumenyi zigwa muriki cyiciro.

1.2 Uburyo bwo kwangiza lazeri ahanini ni ingaruka zumuriro wa lazeri, umuvuduko wumucyo na reaction ya fotokome. Ibice byakomeretse ni amaso yumuntu nuruhu. Kwangiza amaso yabantu: Irashobora kwangiza cornea na retina. Ahantu hamwe nurwego rwibyangiritse biterwa nuburebure bwumurongo nurwego rwa laser. Ibyangiritse biterwa na laser mumaso yabantu biragoye. Imirasire ya laser, itaziguye kandi igaragara cyane irashobora kwangiza amaso yabantu. Bitewe n'ingaruka zibanda kumaso yumuntu, urumuri rutarengerwa (rutagaragara) rutangwa niyi laser rwangiza cyane ijisho ryumuntu. Iyo imirasire yinjiye mumashuri, izaba yibanze kuri retina hanyuma igatwika retina, bigatera kubura amaso cyangwa guhuma. Kwangiza uruhu: Lazeri ikomeye ya infragre itera gutwika; laseri ya ultraviolet irashobora gutera umuriro, kanseri y'uruhu, kandi igasaza uruhu. Kwangirika kwa Laser kuruhu bigaragarira mugutera urwego rutandukanye rwimitsi, ibisebe, pigmentation, n ibisebe, kugeza ibice byumubiri byangiritse burundu.

1.3 Ibirahure birinda
Umucyo utangwa na laser ni imirasire itagaragara. Bitewe n'imbaraga nyinshi, ndetse urumuri rutatanye rushobora gukomeza kwangiza ibirahuri bidasubirwaho. Iyi lazeri ntabwo ije ifite ibikoresho byo kurinda amaso ya laser, ariko ibikoresho nkibi byo kurinda amaso bigomba kwambarwa igihe cyose mugihe cyo gukora laser. Ibirahuri byumutekano bya Laser byose bifite akamaro muburebure bwihariye. Mugihe uhisemo ibirahuri byumutekano bya laser, ugomba kumenya amakuru akurikira: 1. Uburebure bwa Laser 2. Uburyo bwo gukoresha lazeri (urumuri rukomeza cyangwa urumuri rwinshi) 3. Igihe ntarengwa cyo kumurika (urebye ibintu bibi cyane) 4. Ubwinshi bwumuriro mwinshi ( W / cm2) cyangwa ingufu nyinshi zo gukwirakwiza imirasire (J / cm2) 5. Impanuka ntarengwa yemewe (MPE) 6. Ubwinshi bwa optique (OD).

1.4 Kwangiza amashanyarazi
Amashanyarazi yumuriro wibikoresho bya laser ni ibyiciro bitatu bisimburana 380V AC. Kwinjiza no gukoresha ibikoresho bya laser bigomba kuba bihagaze neza. Mugihe cyo gukoresha, ugomba kwitondera umutekano wamashanyarazi kugirango wirinde gukomeretsa amashanyarazi. Mugihe cyo gusenya lazeri, amashanyarazi agomba kuzimya. Niba impanuka y'amashanyarazi ibaye, hagomba gufatwa ingamba zikwiye zo kuvura kugirango wirinde gukomeretsa kabiri. Uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvura: kuzimya amashanyarazi, kurekura abakozi neza, guhamagara ubufasha, no guherekeza abakomeretse.

1.5 Ibyangiritse
Iyo kubungabunga no gusana lazeri, ibice bimwe biremereye kandi bifite impande zikarishye, bishobora guteza byoroshye kwangirika cyangwa kugabanuka. Ugomba kwambara uturindantoki turinda, inkweto z'umutekano zirwanya smash n'ibindi bikoresho birinda.

1.6 Kwangiza gaze n'umukungugu
Iyo lazeri itunganijwe, hazakorwa umukungugu wangiza na gaze yuburozi. Aho ukorera hagomba kuba hafite ibikoresho byiza byo guhumeka no gukusanya ivumbi, cyangwa kwambara masike yo kurinda.

1.7 Ibyifuzo byumutekano
1. Ingamba zikurikira zirashobora gufatwa kugirango umutekano wibikoresho bya laser bigerweho:
2. Gabanya uburyo bwo kubona ibikoresho bya laser. Sobanura uburenganzira bwo kugera ahakorerwa laser. Ibibujijwe birashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa mugukinga urugi no gushyira amatara yo kuburira nibimenyetso byo kuburira hanze yumuryango.
3. Mbere yo kwinjira muri laboratoire kugirango ikore urumuri, umanike icyapa kiburira, fungura itara ryo kuburira urumuri, kandi ubimenyeshe abakozi babakikije.
4. Mbere yo gucana kuri laser, menya neza ko ibikoresho byumutekano bigenewe gukoreshwa neza. Harimo: urumuri rworoshye, hejuru yumuriro, amadarubindi, masike, gufunga umuryango, ibikoresho byo guhumeka, nibikoresho bizimya umuriro.
5. Nyuma yo gukoresha laser, uzimye lazeri n'amashanyarazi mbere yo kugenda.
6. Gutezimbere uburyo bwiza bwo gukora, kubungabunga no kubisubiramo buri gihe, no gushimangira imiyoborere. Kora amahugurwa yumutekano kubakozi kugirango barusheho kumenya imyumvire yo gukumira ingaruka.