Izingozi ezingaba khona ezibangelwa ukusebenzisa ama-lasers: ukulimala kwemisebe ye-laser, ukulimala kukagesi, ukulimala kwemishini, ukulimala kwegesi yothuli.

1.1 Incazelo yekilasi ye-laser
Ikilasi 1: Iphephile ngaphakathi kwedivayisi. Ngokuvamile lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-beam ivalwe ngokuphelele, njengasesidlali se-CD.

Ikilasi 1M (Ikilasi 1M): Iphephile ngaphakathi kwedivayisi. Kodwa kunezingozi lapho kugxilwe ngengilazi ekhulisayo noma ngesibonakhulu.

I-Class 2 (Ikilasi 2): Iphephile ngaphansi kwezimo zokusetshenziswa ezijwayelekile. Ukukhanya okubonakalayo okunobude begagasi obungu-400-700nm kanye ne-blink reflex yeso (isikhathi sokuphendula esingu-0.25S) kungagwema ukulimala. Amadivayisi anjalo ngokuvamile anamandla angaphansi kwe-1mW, njengezikhombi ze-laser.

Ikilasi 2M: Iphephile ngaphakathi kwedivayisi. Kodwa kunezingozi lapho kugxilwe ngengilazi ekhulisayo noma ngesibonakhulu.

I-Class 3R (I-Class 3R): Amandla ngokuvamile afinyelela ku-5mW, futhi kunengozi encane yokulimala kwamehlo ngesikhathi sokucwayiza kwe-blink. Ukugqolozela ophahleni olunjalo imizuzwana embalwa kungabangela ukulimala ngokushesha ku-retina

I-Class 3B: Ukuchayeka emisebeni ye-laser kungabangela ukulimala kwamehlo ngokushesha.

Ikilasi lesi-4: I-laser ingashisa isikhumba, futhi kwezinye izimo, ngisho nokukhanya kwe-laser okuhlakazekile kungabangela ukulimala kwamehlo nesikhumba. Ibanga umlilo noma ukuqhuma. Amalaser amaningi ezimboni nawesayensi awela kuleli klasi.

1.2 Indlela yokulimala kwe-laser ngokuyinhloko umphumela wokushisa we-laser, ukucindezela okukhanyayo nokusabela kwe-photochemical. Izingxenye ezilimele ikakhulukazi amehlo nesikhumba somuntu. Ukulimala kwamehlo omuntu: Kungase kubangele umonakalo ku-cornea ne-retina. Indawo nobubanzi bomonakalo kuncike kubude beza kanye nezinga le-laser. Umonakalo obangelwa i-laser emehlweni abantu uyinkimbinkimbi uma kuqhathaniswa. Imishayo ye-laser eqondile, ebonisiwe futhi evezwe ngendlela ehlukahlukene ingalimaza amehlo abantu. Ngenxa yomphumela wokugxila weso lomuntu, ukukhanya kwe-infrared (okungabonakali) okukhishwa yile laser kuyingozi kakhulu esweni lomuntu. Lapho le misebe ingena kumfundi, izogxila ku-retina bese kamuva ishisa i-retina, ibangele ukulahlekelwa umbono noma ngisho nokungaboni. Ukulimala kwesikhumba: Ama-laser aqinile e-infrared abangela ukusha; Amalaser e-ultraviolet angase abangele ukusha, umdlavuza wesikhumba, futhi athuthukise ukuguga kwesikhumba. Ukulimala kwe-laser esikhumbeni kubonakala ngokubangela amazinga ahlukene okuqubuka, amabhamuza, umbala, nezilonda, kuze kube yilapho izicubu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba zishabalala ngokuphelele.

1.3 Izibuko zokuzivikela
Ukukhanya okukhishwa yi-laser imisebe engabonakali. Ngenxa yamandla aphezulu, ngisho ne-beam ehlakazekile ingase ibangele umonakalo ongalungiseki ezingilazini. Le laser ayizi nezinto zokuvikela amehlo nge-laser, kodwa okokuvikela amehlo kufanele kugqokwe ngaso sonke isikhathi phakathi nokusebenza nge-laser. Izibuko zokuphepha ze-laser zonke ziyasebenza kumaza amaza athile. Lapho ukhetha izibuko zokuphepha ze-laser ezifanele, udinga ukwazi ulwazi olulandelayo: 1. Ubude begagasi be-laser 2. Imodi yokusebenza kwe-laser (ukukhanya okuqhubekayo noma ukukhanya okushaywayo) 3. Isikhathi esiphezulu sokuchayeka (kucatshangelwa isimo esibi kakhulu) 4. Ubukhulu obukhulu bamandla okukhanya ( W/cm2) noma ukuminyana kwamandla okukhanya okukhulu (J/cm2) 5. Ukuchayeka okuphezulu okuvunyelwe (MPE) 6. Ukuminyana kwamehlo (OD).

1.4 Ukulimala kukagesi
I-voltage yokuphakelwa kwamandla emishini ye-laser iyisigaba sesithathu esishintshanayo samanje esingu-380V AC. Ukufakwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemishini ye-laser kudingeka kusekelwe phansi ngendlela efanele. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, udinga ukunaka ukuphepha kukagesi ukuze uvimbele ukulimala kukagesi. Lapho uqaqa i-laser, inkinobho yamandla kufanele icishwe. Uma kwenzeka ukulimala kukagesi, izinyathelo zokwelashwa ezifanele kufanele zithathwe ukuvimbela ukulimala kwesibili. Izinqubo zokwelashwa ezilungile: cisha amandla, ukhulule abasebenzi ngokuphepha, shayela usizo, futhi uphelezele abalimele.

1.5 Ukulimala kwemishini
Lapho unakekela futhi ulungisa i-laser, ezinye izingxenye ziyasinda futhi zinemiphetho ebukhali, engabangela ukulimala noma ukusikeka kalula. Udinga ukugqoka amagilavu ​​okuzivikela, izicathulo zokuphepha ezinqanda ukuphahlazeka nezinye izinto zokuzivikela

1.6 Ukonakala kwegesi nothuli
Lapho ukucubungula nge-laser kwenziwa, kuzokhiqizwa uthuli oluyingozi namagesi anobuthi. Indawo yokusebenza kufanele ifakwe kahle ngemishini yokukhipha umoya kanye neyokuqoqa uthuli, noma igqoke imaski ukuze uvikeleke.

1.7 Izincomo zokuphepha
1. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha kwemishini ye-laser:
2. Nciphisa ukufinyelela ezikhungweni ze-laser. Cacisa amalungelo okufinyelela endaweni yokucubungula i-laser. Imikhawulo ingenziwa ngokukhiya umnyango nokufaka izibani ezixwayisayo nezimpawu ezixwayisayo ngaphandle komnyango.
3. Ngaphambi kokungena elabhorethri ukuze usebenze ukukhanya, lenga uphawu oluyisixwayiso olukhanyayo, khanyisa isibani esiyisixwayiso, futhi wazise izisebenzi ezizungezile.
4. Ngaphambi kokufaka amandla ku-laser, qinisekisa ukuthi izisetshenziswa ezihlosiwe zokuphepha zisetshenziswa ngendlela efanele. Kufaka phakathi: izibani ezikhanyayo, izindawo ezingashi, izibuko, izifihla-buso, izingidi zezicabha, okokusebenza kokukhipha umoya, nezinto zokucisha umlilo.
5. Ngemva kokusebenzisa i-laser, cisha i-laser namandla kagesi ngaphambi kokuba uhambe
6. Yenza izinqubo zokusebenza eziphephile, uzigcine futhi uzibuyekeze njalo, futhi uqinise nokuphatha. Ukuqhuba ukuqeqeshwa kokuphepha kwabasebenzi ukuze bathuthukise ukuqwashisa kwabo ngokugwema izingozi.